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DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T153000
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UID:13675-1619105400-1619110800@scienceinboston.com
SUMMARY:OEB Seminar Series: Marie Dacke
DESCRIPTION:As the crow flies and the beetle rolls: Straight-line orientation from behavior to neurons \nAbstract: The seemingly simple act of walking in a straight line involves a complex interplay of various sensory modalities\, the motor system\, and cognition. This is obvious to anyone who have ever found themselves lost in the desert at night\, or in a forest when the sun is high in the sky. A dung beetle released in the same unchartered territory does not move in circles\, but holds a chosen bearing until it encounters a suitable spot to bury its ball of dung. The key to the beetle’s success lies in their ability to detect and orient via a large repertoire of celestial compass cues\, from the bright sun to the weak intensity differences of light provided by the Milky Way. \nA beetle’s drive to adhere to its set course is so strong that it sticks to it regardless of the costs; over stones\, through bushes and grass or in an experimental arena. However\, if a beetle is forced to make a new ball\, the bearing information is reset in its brain and a new course is set. This unique and robust orientation behaviour\, in combination with an accessible brain\, make the dung beetle an ideal model system for understanding the fundamental visual and neural processes underlying straight-line orientation. \nThe presentation provides an overview of recent behavioural\, anatomical and physiological results concerning how an insect brain is designed to facilitate straight-line orientation. \nRegister here: https://harvard.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_Xh4J3vjLQyGTlOC30jvZeA
URL:https://scienceinboston.com/event/oeb-seminar-series-marie-dacke/
LOCATION:Online
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DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T153000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T170000
DTSTAMP:20210401T183909Z
CREATED:20210401T183909Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210401T183909Z
UID:27688-1619105400-1619110800@scienceinboston.com
SUMMARY:OEB Seminar Series: Marie Dacke
DESCRIPTION:As the crow flies and the beetle rolls: Straight-line orientation from behavior to neurons \nAbstract: The seemingly simple act of walking in a straight line involves a complex interplay of various sensory modalities\, the motor system\, and cognition. This is obvious to anyone who have ever found themselves lost in the desert at night\, or in a forest when the sun is high in the sky. A dung beetle released in the same unchartered territory does not move in circles\, but holds a chosen bearing until it encounters a suitable spot to bury its ball of dung. The key to the beetle’s success lies in their ability to detect and orient via a large repertoire of celestial compass cues\, from the bright sun to the weak intensity differences of light provided by the Milky Way. \nA beetle’s drive to adhere to its set course is so strong that it sticks to it regardless of the costs; over stones\, through bushes and grass or in an experimental arena. However\, if a beetle is forced to make a new ball\, the bearing information is reset in its brain and a new course is set. This unique and robust orientation behaviour\, in combination with an accessible brain\, make the dung beetle an ideal model system for understanding the fundamental visual and neural processes underlying straight-line orientation. \nThe presentation provides an overview of recent behavioural\, anatomical and physiological results concerning how an insect brain is designed to facilitate straight-line orientation. \nRegister here: https://harvard.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_Xh4J3vjLQyGTlOC30jvZeA
URL:https://scienceinboston.com/event/oeb-seminar-series-marie-dacke-2/
LOCATION:Online
END:VEVENT
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DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T170000
DTSTAMP:20210419T160938Z
CREATED:20210401T195803Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210419T160938Z
UID:13698-1619107200-1619110800@scienceinboston.com
SUMMARY:Colloquium on Brain and Cognition with Dr. Mathew Diamond
DESCRIPTION:TITLE: \nNeuronal algorithms for extracting multiple percepts from a single stimulus \nABSTRACT: \nWhen we consider the processing of a tactile stimulus\, it is natural to focus on what the stimulus feels like and how the perceived features are encoded by neurons. But a second percept\, explicitly or implicitly\, accompanies the tactile experience – the feeling of time occupied by that stimulus. To explore the connection between stimulus perception and time perception\, we begin with human and rat psychophysics. When subjects judge the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat)\, increasing stimulus intensity leads to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically\, increasing vibration duration leads to increasing perceived intensity. From this relationship\, we build a computational framework where the vibration-evoked firing early in the processing stream is accumulated by two integrators\, in parallel\, each integrator giving rise to a corresponding percept (intensity and duration). This framework makes predictions for the perceptual effects – on both intensity and duration – of direct manipulation of firing in sensory cortex\, which we verify by optogenetics in rats. However\, just when everything begins to make sense\, the story becomes more complex: a subtle change in the physical features of the tactile stimulus causes the engagement of a very different pathway for the perception of time. We conclude that the mechanisms underlying the feeling of stimulus duration are multiple and are adaptable to stimulus properties.
URL:https://scienceinboston.com/event/colloquium-on-brain-and-cognition-with-mathew-diamond-phd/
LOCATION:Online
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T160000
DTEND;TZID=America/New_York:20210422T170000
DTSTAMP:20210401T195803Z
CREATED:20210401T195803Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20210401T195803Z
UID:27691-1619107200-1619110800@scienceinboston.com
SUMMARY:Colloquium on Brain and Cognition with Dr. Mathew Diamond
DESCRIPTION:TITLE: \nNeuronal algorithms for extracting multiple percepts from a single stimulus \nABSTRACT: \nWhen we consider the processing of a tactile stimulus\, it is natural to focus on what the stimulus feels like and how the perceived features are encoded by neurons. But a second percept\, explicitly or implicitly\, accompanies the tactile experience – the feeling of time occupied by that stimulus. To explore the connection between stimulus perception and time perception\, we begin with human and rat psychophysics. When subjects judge the duration of a vibration applied to the fingertip (human) or whiskers (rat)\, increasing stimulus intensity leads to increasing perceived duration. Symmetrically\, increasing vibration duration leads to increasing perceived intensity. From this relationship\, we build a computational framework where the vibration-evoked firing early in the processing stream is accumulated by two integrators\, in parallel\, each integrator giving rise to a corresponding percept (intensity and duration). This framework makes predictions for the perceptual effects – on both intensity and duration – of direct manipulation of firing in sensory cortex\, which we verify by optogenetics in rats. However\, just when everything begins to make sense\, the story becomes more complex: a subtle change in the physical features of the tactile stimulus causes the engagement of a very different pathway for the perception of time. We conclude that the mechanisms underlying the feeling of stimulus duration are multiple and are adaptable to stimulus properties.
URL:https://scienceinboston.com/event/colloquium-on-brain-and-cognition-with-mathew-diamond-phd-2/
LOCATION:Online
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